五味子叶枯病病原菌生物学特性研究

Biological Characteristics of the Pathogen of Schisandra chinensis Leaf Blotch, Alternaria tenuissima

分离纯化了五味子叶枯病的病原菌细极链格孢菌,并对其生物学特性进行了研究。结果表明:病菌在PDA培养基上菌丝生长最快,在PDA,PSA,JB培养液中最有利于孢子萌发。温度对菌丝生长和孢子萌发影响显著,30℃菌丝生长最快,25℃孢子萌发率最高。病菌在pH值2～12之间均能生长,pH值8最适合菌丝生长,pH值6～7孢子萌发率最高。黑暗条件更有利于菌丝生长和孢子萌发。麦芽糖和果糖是菌丝生长和孢子萌发最佳碳源,蛋白胨是菌丝生长和孢子萌发最佳氮源。不同微量元素对菌丝生长和孢子萌发产生作用不同,Ca2+、Zn2+有利于病菌菌丝生长,Na+促进病菌孢子萌发。研究结果为进一步防治五味子叶枯病奠定了基础。

The leaf blotch pathogen Alternaria alternate was purified from Schisandra chinens and its biological characteristics were studied.The results showed that mycelia grew fastest on medium PDA.Media PDA,PSA and JB were most suitable for spore germination.Temperature affected mycelia growth and spore germination significantly,fastest mycelia growth happening at 30℃,and highest spore germination rate happening at 25℃.The pathogen could grow under pH 2 to 12.pH 8 was most suitable for mycelia growth,and pH 6-7 was most suitable for spore germination.A dark condition was hyphal growth and spore germination.Maltose and fructose were the best carbon sources for the mycelia growth and spore germination.Peptone was the best nitrogen source for mycelia growth and spore germination.Different trace elements resulted in different effects on the mycelia growth and spore germination.Ca2＋,Zn2＋ were conducive to pathogen mycelia growth,and Na ＋ was conducive to spore germination.