水曲柳苗木平茬与去顶芽促萌试验

Sprouting from Apical-bud-removed Seedlings and Seedling Stumps of Fraxinus mandshurica Treated by Chemical Control Reagents

实验证明水曲柳1年生插穗的生根率较高,如果能利用少量有限的超级苗资源获得大量1年生萌条,则可增加插穗来源,实现利用扦插技术大量扩繁优良资源的目的。本试验以水曲柳超级苗的平茬桩（仅留1~2个侧芽）和去顶芽桩（仅摘除顶芽）为试材,采用激动素（KT）、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）、高锰酸钾（KMnO4）、三十烷醇（TA）和诱芽营养剂进行萌芽促进试验,探索获得大量的1年生萌条的途径。结果表明,对水曲柳1年生苗平茬桩,诱芽营养剂的促萌效果相对较好,其次是1 mg/L的KT和5%的KMnO4;对水曲柳1年生去顶芽桩,诱芽营养剂促萌效果较好,1 mg/L和20 mg/L的2,4-D,5 mg/L的KT、TA和2,4-D,1%和5%的KMnO4也有一定效果;对水曲柳2年生苗平茬桩和去顶芽桩,诱芽营养剂萌芽促进效果较好;对2年生苗平茬桩,0.1 mg/L的KMnO4浸泡48 h的促萌效果也较好。总体来看,诱芽营养剂对水曲柳苗桩萌芽促进的应用潜力最大。

It has been proved that high rooting capacity of Fraxinus mandshurica can be obtained by taking 1-year-old seedling stems as cuttings. Therefore, it may be a useful approach for promoting rooted cutting utilization of F. mandshurica by obtaining more 1-year-old shoots from the superior seedlings, and then producing rooted cuttings from these shoots. To reproduce more and more 1-year-old shoots for rooted cuttings, sprouting promotion experiments were conducted by chemical control reagent treatment of the seedling stumps with just 1 or 2 axillary buds remained and apical-bud-removed seedlings in this paper. The chemical reagents included Kinetin （ KT）, 2,4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid （2,4 - D ）, KMnO4, 1 -Triacontanol （TA） and bud inductive nutrient reagent （BINR） （ made by Jiafeng Ltd. , Shanghai）. The result indicated that for 1-year-old seedling stumps, the sprouting promotion effect of BINR was the best, 1 mg/L KT and 5% KMnO4 treatments also had good effect. For 1-year-old apical-bud-removed seedlings, the sprouting promotion effect of BINR was the best and 1 mg/L and 20 mg/L 2,4-D, 5 mg/L KT, TA and 2,4-D, 1% and 5% KMnO4 treatments also had certain effect respectively. The sprouting promotion effect of BINR was the best either for 2-year-old seedling stumps or for apical-bud-removed seedlings. For 2-year-old seedling stumps, the treatment of dipping 48 h with 0. 1 mg/L KMnO4 had also certain effect. Generally, BINR had the prospective potential for promoting bud sprouting of seedling stumps and apical-bud-removed seedlings of F. mandshurica.