《尚书》帝权政治思想阐释

On the Political Thoughts of Kingship in Book of History Shangshu

帝权政治即以上帝具有至高无上的权力为象征进行施政。《尚书》所载,分为两个阶段:虞、夏、商时为第一阶段,这一阶段重视神事、轻视人事、唯帝为尊。周王朝时为第二阶段,这一阶段推行德政、重视帝权、天德合一。上帝是万事万物的主宰,也是人类的主宰,人们所做的一切都要服从上帝的意志,君王是代表上帝承办人间事务的代理人,他秉承天命而行,一切以上帝的意旨为依据决策之。

Kingship politics means that that God has the supreme ruling power. In the Book of History, it is recorded that kingship politics are divided into two stages. The first stage is in the Yu, Xia and Shang dynasties, during which the divine practice was far more emphasized than human business, with God as the most respectable. The second stage is in the Zhou Dynasty when virtue and ethic were advocated and kingship prized, ethic being one with God. God was in charge of all living things, including human beings. All must obey God since king, as the agent for God, executed his commands on behalf of God. The king made policy completely complied with the instructions of the God.