笼养灰鹤越冬期行为活动的时间分配和活动节律

Time Budget of Behaviors of a Pair of Common Crane in Captivity in Winter

2003年11月～2004年2月,采用瞬时扫描取样法对哈尔滨动物园1对成年灰鹤的越冬行为进行观察,探讨冬季不同温度和不同天气条件下对灰鹤越冬行为的影响,并得出结论如下:笼养灰鹤越冬期行为时间分配比例依次为静栖26.92%、进食25.96%、瞭望18.74%、啄雪草13.32%、理羽6.66%、游走4.91%、呜叫2.48%、警戒1.07%和打斗0.34%;大雾时静栖、瞭望和进食行为与正常天气相似,最为突出的是游走行为明显增多,而啄雪草行为减少了近10%,从总体上看活动量比正常天气时增多。而在下雪时各行为所用时间都比较平均,和正常天气比差别都很大,只有瞭望所用时间相近。

Behaviors of a pair of adult common cranes during wintering was observed from November,2003 to February,2004,in Harbin Zoo.Time budget of behaviors was recorded as follows：resting 26.92%,feeding 25.96%,overlooking 18.74%,pecking 13.32%,preening 6.66%,walking 4.91%,yelling 2.48%,warming 1.07%and combating 0.34%.In the fog weather,resting, feeding and overiooking were similar to normal,while walking increased notably and pecking decreased by 10%,yet activity as a whole was increased than normal.In the snow weather,the time spent on all activities was in average,yet obviously different from in normal weather,only the overlooking time was similar to normal.