马克思“世界历史”理论与当代后殖民主义批评

Interpretation of Karl Marx’s "World History" and the Postcolonial Criticism

当代西方后殖民主义批评家近年来对马克思的"世界历史"观念提出了不同看法,并引起国外学术界的争论。本文认为,争端的起因在于对世界历史概念的本义及其语境有不同理解。马克思"世界历史"不能等同于黑格尔的"世界历史观",马克思深入研究了东方文明,指出工业化经济与世界市场的形成,有利于破除民族界限,形成世界各民族物质与文化资源的共享,并且形成了创新性的世界历史观,这是一种马克思主义的全球化理论。本文阐释了马克思世界历史观等相关概念的历史语境,并结合当前国际学术界的争论阐释了马克思"世界历史"理论的中心观念。

There is a contention on Marx’s concept of world history in academic circles abroad and also some different interpretations on this concept in China. The origin of the contention is the different understanding to the meaning and context of Marx’s world history. Karl Marx’s World History is different from Hegel’s view of world history. Marx constructed a new world history view and applied it in history study. Marx made a deep and thorough study on east civilizations and pointed out that the shaping up of industrial economy and world market helped to break the boundary of nations and to improve the sharing of material and cultural resources from different nations. This article interpreted the historic context of Marx’s world history view and its relative concepts, and explained the main idea of this view in the context of the contention of the international academic circles.