地震救援工作的现场救治

Investigation of locate medical rescue after earthquake disaster

目的:探讨灾后现场医疗救援的组织与工作原则、方法。方法:回顾分析了5.12汶川地震北川重灾区的现场医疗救援工作。结果:在5月12～15日期间,参与搜救、诊治伤员近10000例次,协助转运伤员6000例次左右。从二级医院的结果看开放伤口的感染率达70%以上,10%～20%搜救成功伤员死于现场或转运途中。结论:在大规模灾害医疗救援中,中度伤、重度伤伤员最有抢救价值;轻度伤及时检诊分流,重度伤往往采取"观望"处理。小组工作模式是灾害救援的有效模式。工作重心是协助现场搜救和集中救治点。

Objective：To investigate the principles, methods and techniques of the locate medical rescue after earthquake disaster. Methods：The practices of medical rescue in Beichuan after 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake were analyzed retrospectively.Results：The medical team from Mianyang treated about 10,000 patients in very difficult condition.But a great amount of wounds were not early treated exactly, so in next stage, about 70% wounds were inflamed. 20% patients suffered from severe injury and mortal injury died in locale.Conclusion：In the locate rescue of earthquake casualties, the moderate and severe injury patients are prior to treatment and transfer.Early exaet treatment of wounds and liquid recovery should be carried out in time.