塔里木盆地内贫困县的区域分析──以岳普湖县为例

ANALYSIS OF THE PAUPER COUNTIES IN TARIM BASIN──A CASE STUDY IN YUEPUHU COUNTY, XINJIANG

本文论述了塔里木盆地内岳普湖县贫困人口的分布与贫困户的基本特点，分析了致贫的自然因素与人为因素，提出了8项扶贫措施，旨在探讨干旱区的贫困问题。

Tarim Basin is the largest interior basin in China. In is characterized by arid climate, vast sand desert, fragile ecology, poor conditions for human existence, and slow economic development, and is the major area of distribution of the papuer counties in Xinjiang. Yuepuhu County is a typical papuer county in the basin. A thorough investigation in the county, townships and villages shows that the county is mainly characterized by less per capita area of cultivated farm land and livestock, low income in cash and grain, crude and old houses, and high papuer－returning rate. The causes of the pepuer are related to shortage of mineral resources, serious salinization and desertification of farmland, poor water quality, frequent drought disasters, remote geographical location, and other natural factors, and are more closely related to extensive cultivation, slow development of animal husbandry, serious secondary salinization of farmland due to irrational irrigation, low educated level of the people, affliction with disease, raPid population growth, etc. Under a synthetic effec t of the natural and human factors mentioned above, the natural environmental quality is low, and the econmic system, social system, and the ways of aid－the－poor programme are in an unvirtuous circle. In view of this situation, it is suggested to undertake aid－the－poor programme for agriculture in a developing way, transform the mesoyield and low－yield farmland, devote major efforts to developing agricultural animal husbandry, irrigate rationally so as to avoid the occurrence of secondary salinizaiton, select the developing proects of aid－the－poor programme carefully for strengthening the collective economy of the townships and villages, improve the quality of drinking water for preventing disease and medical conditions, develop education, and enhance afforestation and ecological environment protection. The purpose of this study is to approach the issues of extricating the people from papuer in the arid desert regions.