优秀男子短距离自行车运动员训练周的生理生化监控

Physiological and biochemical monitoring of elite male short-distance bicyclist in training week

目的:了解男子自行车运动员一周训练中生化指标的变化趋势,机体对运动负荷的反映及适应规律。方法:以上海8名优秀男子短距离自行车运动员为对象,监测一周中每日晨与训练后的RT、CK、BUN和尿十项。结果:(1)周一上午场地训练后5min CK显著升高。下午力量训练课后1h CK达到高值,力量训练较场地训练CK升高显著。(2)场地训练课后5min的BUN显著升高,1h开始下降,下午力量训练课后,BUN较场地课后1h显著升高,次日晨下降。(3)本周CK从周二到周六值较周一显著性升高,下周一显著下降。BUN只有周六有显著性升高,下周一显著下降。周日Hb值较周一结果显著升高。结论:(1)本周一的力量训练与场地训练两种手段叠加作用,对肌肉的刺激较深刻,至次日晨CK仍不能恢复,Pro、BLD都有阳性检出,力量训练课较场地训练对肌肉的刺激更大。(2)本周训练负荷安排的密度不大,运动员调整和恢复的时间较充分,因而Hb有小幅度升高。(3)训练周的生化监测,可以使教练员了解小周期训练的完成质量和运动员对运动负荷的适应情况。

This purpose of this study was to reveal the biochemical index changes of the male bicyclists in the one week training. Eight elite Shanghai short-distance male bicyclists were monitored on RT, CK, BUN and urine each morning. It was shown that five minutes after field training Monday morning, CK increased dramatically and it reached its peak one hour after strength training. CK after strength training was higher than that after field training. Five minutes after field training, BUN raised obviously and then after one hour it dropped dramatically. After the afternoon strength training, BUN increased compared with that of one hour after field training and then decreased the next morning. In the whole week, CK increased greatly from Tuesday to Saturday and decreased obviously the next Monday. BUN increased greatly only on Saturday and then dropped the next Monday. Hb value on Sunday was higher than that of Monday. It was concluded that the one week strength training was more effective for the muscle than field training. Combined strength training and field training was effective for muscle training. CK could not recover until the next day. Pro and BLD were positive and BUN after strength training was higher than that of field training. Since the one week training load was not intense, the athletes could have enough time to recover, therefore the Hb value increased a little. The one week biochemical monitoring could help the coaches know about how well the training was and the athlete; were adapted to the training.