“利益人”论域中的行政自由裁量行为

Public Administrator's Action Choice Based on Interest Man Theory

自由裁量权作为一种非羁束性的权力,其行使的效果与公共行政人员的人性基础息息相关。"经济人"与"公共人"的线段式人性假设都无法准确推演出自由裁量权的行使结果。"利益人"的假设摆脱了孤立的"性善"与"性恶"的窠臼,言明了行政人员的真实处境。行政人员作为有着复杂利益追求的"利益人",他的自由裁量行为既可能以权谋私,也可能是公益取向。由此,必须从行政人员"利益人"的实然人性出发,通过彰显行政人员的德性和完善制度规范两个维度,内外兼施,确保裁量行为的公益性。

The public administrator＇s human nature hypothesis is the premise for analyzing their authority action. Neither are they economic men, nor public men with no value connotation. They are interest men of multi-interest approaches. As an interest man, a public man would face the conflict between the public benefit and the organization benefit, the conflict between position responsibility and society responsibility, the conflict between the individual advisable benefit and public benefit. So it is liable for them to fall into ethical puzzlements. The key to achieve responsible administration action is to build institutions and display the virtue of public administrators. Via reforming the present management system and molding public administration personality, public benefit of implementing just regulations can be ensured both internally and externally.