母代鸡日粮不同蛋白水平对后代肌纤维发育及肌肉生成抑制因子基因(MSTN)mRNA表达的影响

Influence of Different Protein Level of Maternal Diets on Muscle Fiber and Expression of Myostatin Gene of Offspring in Broiler

旨在研究2个品系母鸡饲喂不同蛋白水平日粮对后代肌纤维发育及肌肉生成抑制因子基因(MSTN)mR-NA表达的影响。试验通过对高、低脂系肉种鸡饲喂3个蛋白水平(分别是NRC肉种鸡饲养标准蛋白水平的80%、100%、120%)的日粮,子代饲喂正常蛋白水平日粮,研究母体效应对后代肌纤维发育的影响。结果表明:①母代高蛋白日粮可显著提高子代1日龄肉仔鸡初生体质量(P<0.05),但屠宰日龄肉仔鸡体质量各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。②随着母代日粮蛋白水平的降低,子代胸肌肌纤维直径逐渐减小,且低蛋白组显著低于正常蛋白和高蛋白组(P<0.05),2个品系间差异不显著(P>0.05)。③随着母代日粮蛋白水平的降低,胸肌肌纤维密度逐渐增加,且低蛋白组显著高于正常蛋白组和高蛋白组(P<0.05),2个品系间差异不显著(P>0.05)。④母代高蛋白日粮有降低MSTNmRNA表达量的趋势,但未达显著水平(P>0.05),低脂系肉仔鸡高蛋白组21日龄胸肌MSTNmRNA表达量显著低于正常蛋白组和低蛋白组(P<0.05)。结果表明,母代高蛋白日粮可提高后代初生体质量,且高蛋白日粮有降低胸肌中MSTNmRNA表达量的趋势;母代低蛋白日粮可显著降低后代肌纤维直径提高肌纤维密度,从而改善肌肉品质。品系对肌纤维无显著影响。

The influence of maternal different dietary protein levels on muscle fiber and expression of Myostatin gene of offspring of two broiler lines was investigated.The maternal different dietary protein levels were 80%,100% and 120% NRC level for maternal broiler breeder.The offspring was feed normal protein level diet.The results showed that： ⑴The maternal high protein diets increased the body weight of 1 day broilers significantly（P〈0.05）,but the body weight of 56 day broilers had no difference among treatments（P〉0.05）.⑵ With the maternal protein levels decreased,muscle fiber diameter of breast of offspring was decreased,low protein group was significant lower than the normal and high protein groups（P〈0.05）,but there was no significant difference between the two lines.⑶ With maternal protein levels decreased,muscle fiber density of breast of offspring was increased,low protein group was higher than the normal and high protein groups significantly（P〈0.05）,but there was no significant difference between the two lines.⑷The high protein diets of maternal broiler has a trend to decrease the expression level of offspring Myostatin gene（P〉0.05）,compared to the normal and low protein groups,the expression level of Myostatin gene of lean line broilers breast of high protein group in 21 day was decreased significantly（P〈0.05）.The results demonstrated that the maternal high protein diet increased the body weight of 1 day broilers significantly,and there are a trend that expression level of Myostatin gene was decreased in high protein group,the maternal low protein diet declined the muscle fiber diameter and increased the muscle fiber density,but there are no significant difference between the two lines（P〉0.05）.