垃圾焚烧炉系统特性分析及仿真

Analysis of System Characteristics for Waste Incinerator and Its Simulation

垃圾焚烧炉废弃物的直接排放不仅会对环境造成严重污染,还会浪费其中所含的可利用资源物质。为实现垃圾的充分燃烧,需要对燃烧过程的系统特性进行深入分析,在此基础上进行计算机仿真。文章通过对焚烧炉进料成份作出简化假定,将其归一为仅由水份、单一特性灰份及单一特性可燃烧成份的混合物,考察炉膛内的焓平衡和质量平衡,考察焚烧炉中炉膛温度、含氧量、炉膛负压与进料流量、送引风机风量、排灰速度之间的动态关联行为,分析焚烧系统特性,并以某环保科技有限公司的垃圾焚烧炉为实例进行了计算分析。结果表明,采用简化假定计算所得的炉膛工作温度与实际吻合较好,能为系统的设计和优化操作提供有效技术指导。

Direct deposing of waste in waste incinerators dose not only produce serious pollution to the environment, but also lead to a great consumption of useful material resource. To realize full combustion of the waste, it is needed to analyze the system characteristics of combustion procedure and simulate the given incinerator. The paper made some simplified suggestions for feeding components of incinerator by which the waste was thought as a combination of water, simplified dust and simplified combustion material. Then heat balance and mass balance were checked, and the dynamic relation between working furnace temperature, oxygen content, furnace negative-preswe, input flow of the waste, air flow of entrance funs and the velocity of dust output was analyzed. In this way, the system characteristics of the waste incinerator were analyzed. A real case of an environment protection cooperation was considered, and the result showed that the working temperature of the hearth through simplified calculation is the same as an actual one and the simplified suggestions can be used to direct the system design and optimal operation.