新高系梨9个品种SSR标记分析

Simple sequence repeat analysis on pear cultivars in Niitaka line

为了有效区分和利用亲缘关系较近的新高系梨品种,利用简单序列重复(SSR)分子标记技术对新高系梨9个品种进行了多态性分析、遗传相似性和聚类分析。从12对引物中筛选出3对多态性高、分辨能力强的引物,在供试材料中共扩增出22条带,其中多态性带22条,多态性达100%;每对引物扩增出的条带数4～9条不等,平均为7.3条;且这3对引物组合可以成功地区分全部供试品种。9份材料之间遗传相似系数变化范围为0.47～0.91,平均值为0.67,揭示出它们的遗传基础相对比较狭窄。加权成组配对法(UPGMA)聚类分析结果表明,供试材料可以分为3个组和2个亚组,其中新高Pyruspyrifolia‘Niitaka’和黄金‘WhangkeumBae’,大果水晶‘Sujeong’和华丰‘Huafeng’的相似系数最大,为0.91,说明其亲缘关系最近;天皇‘Yewang’和鲜黄‘Sunhwang’分别单独聚为一类,并对其结果的原因进行了初步探讨。

In order to efficiently distinguish and use pear cultivars come of Pyrus pyrifolia Niitaka with a near genetic relationship,the polymorphism and cluster analysis based on genetic similarity matrices of simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers were used on nine cultivars. Results showed that 3 pairs of SSR primes （KA4b,NH013a and CH02D11） produced 22 amplified fragments of which 22 （100%） were poly-morphic. The average number of alleles per SSR locus was 7.3 with a range from 4 to 9. Using these 3 sets of SSR primers could discriminate 9 cultivars in the study. Also, the genetic similarity coefficients among the 9 cuhivars ranged from 0.47 to 0.91 with an average of 0.67, which indicated that the genetic relationships were close between them. The UPGMA cluster analysis showed that the 9 cultivars could be divided into 3 groups and 2 sub-groups. The closest relationship was ＇Niitaka＇ , ＇Whangkeum Bae＇, ＇Sujeong＇, and ＇Huafeng＇, whose genetic similarity coefficient is 0.91, while ＇Yewang＇ and ＇Sunhwang＇ were highly divergent from the other cultivars.