山核桃幼胚不定芽的诱导

Adventitious bud induction with immature embryo of Carya cathayensis

以山核桃Carya cathayensis花后60,75和100d的幼胚为外植体,金属硫蛋白(MT)复合维生素+20g·L-1葡萄糖+10mg·L-1腺嘌呤+500mg·L-1水解酪蛋白作为基本培养条件,研究山核桃幼胚的不同发育时期,不同植物生长调节物质及基本培养基对山核桃不定芽诱导的影响。结果表明,山核桃花后60d的幼胚培养56d后未形成不定芽,花后100d的幼胚比花后75d的幼胚诱导产生的不定芽多而且长;植物生长调节物质对山核桃不定芽诱导以0.0100mg·L-14-氨基-3,5,6-三氯吡啶羧-酸(Picloram)+3.0mg·L-16-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-BA)为启动培养基较佳;当6-BA质量浓度一定时,随Picloram质量浓度增加不定芽数量差异不显著;当Picloram质量浓度一定时,随6-BA质量浓度增加,产生不定芽数逐渐上升,但当6-BA达10mg·L-1时,不定芽出现明显玻璃化现象;2,4-D的添加不利于外植体不定芽产生;MS(Murashige and Skoog)是最佳基本培养基。

Developmental stages for explants of immature embryos of Carya cathayensis at 60,75,and 100-day after full bloom,different plant growth regulators,such as potassium,6-BA,and 2,4-D and basic media were studied. All media were supplenented with MT vitamin ＋ 20 g·L^-1 D-glucose ＋ 10 mg·L^-1 Ad ＋ 500 mg·L^-1 CH to induce adventitious-buds. Results of a starting-culture plant growth regulator for ad-ventitious bud induction and regeneration showed that 100-day after full bloom there were better developed stages of immature embryos from induced adventitious buds with 0.01 mg·L^-1 potassium ＋ 3 mg·L^-1 6-BA considered the most effective. When the concentration of potassium was constant, with an increasing concentration of 6-BA, adventitious buds gradually increased. However in a concentration of 10 mg·L^-1 the buds were vitrified. Additionally, 2, 4-D was detrimental to adventitious buds development, and MS （Murashige and Skoog） was the best basal medium.