论私法上人格平等与身份差异

On Equality of Personality and Differences of Status in Private Law

人格平等与身份差异共同构成人身法制的基础,两者均不具有无条件的合理性,只在特定条件下符合自由、效率、公平等价值取向。两者在各自的固有领域中发挥功能,彼此兼容、互补,从不同方面满足个人生活与社会秩序需要。人格平等为身份差异设置了限制,实现了特定领域身份差异的均衡化,导致特定身份差异的功能特定化,改变了固有身份关系的内容,并对身份差异在制度上进行弥补。身份差异对于人格平等进行了完善,只有在身份差异基础上才能解读人格平等,身份差异限定了人格平等的内容与实现状况。

Equality of personality and differences of status constitute the basis of the personal law. Neither of them have unconditional reasonablility, and only meet the freedom, efficiency and equity values under certain conditions. They two function in their respective inherent areas, and are compatible and complementary with each other, and meet the needs of individual life and social order. Equality of personality sets restriction to differences of status, keeps balance in the specific areas of status difference, locate specific function to specific status, modify the content of traditional status relationship, and make up for status differences by the means of system. Differences of status perfect equality of personality, and equality of personality can only be interpreted in view of differences of status, then, the differences of status limit the content and state of equality of personality .