青岛市实施儿童计划免疫20年的成本-效果评价分析

Analysis of Cost-effect Evaluation of EPI in 20 Years in Qingdao

[目的]通过对青岛市实施儿童计划免疫20年的成本-效果评价,为青岛市疫苗针对性疾病预防控制提供参考依据。[方法]通过查阅青岛市疾病预防控制中心的历史档案资料以及专家访谈,获得青岛市计划免疫相关资料,进行成本-效果分析。[结果]D期(计划免疫期)用于计划免疫的总投入(支出)为16 986.1万元。按病种分,用于预防和控制脊髓灰质炎以及麻疹两种疾病的支出占了总支出的2/3以上,分别为7 349.82万元和3 652.29万元。计划免疫产生的效果显著,D期与A期(预防接种前期)、B期(预防接种期)、C期(计划免疫前期)三期相比的成本效果比分别是1∶19.39、1∶7.84、1∶2.89。[结论]各计划免疫针对传染病成本效果比值显著,应进一步加强计划免疫的投入。

[Objective]To provide scientific basis for prevention and control of vaccine preventable illness in Qingdao,by evaluating cost-effect of Expanded Program on Immunization （EPI） in 20 years in Qingdao. [Methods]EPI related data in Qingdao were obtained through consulting historical literature materials in Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention and interviewing experts. Cost-effect analysis was conducted. [Results]The total input for EPI （expense） was 169 861 000 RMB in D period（EPI period）. The expense for measles and poliomyelitis control and prevention accounted for more than 2/3 of the total expenditure,which was 73 498 200 RMB and 36 522 900 RMB respectively. The effect of the implementation of EPI was notable. The cost-effect ratio of D period to A period （the first period of immunization） ,B period （ immunization period） and C period （the first period of EPI） was 1 ： 19.39,1 ： 7.84 and 1 ： 2.89 respectively. [Conclusion]The cost-effect ratio of EPI is significant. Input for EPI must be increased.