2008年崇左市农村集中式供水水质卫生状况调查

Investigation on the Quality of Centralized Water Supply in Rural Areas of Chongzuo City in 2008

[目的]了解崇左市农村集中式供水水质卫生状况,为政府制订卫生政策提供科学依据。[方法]2008年,在崇左市农村抽取部分集中式供水工程及其水质情况进行卫生调查。[结果]调查189座农村集中式供水工程,自来水占16.40%(完全处理的占总数的7.94%,仅消毒处理的占4.76%,仅沉淀过滤处理的占3.70%);未经任何处理直接供水的占83.60%。自来水经完全处理和部分处理的所占比例,国债项目占18.82%,非国债项目占14.42%(P>0.05)。水源类型为地下水者占72.49%,地表水占27.51%。水样合格率为21.47%,其中枯水期与丰水期分别为36.51%、18.42%(P<0.01);国债项目水样与非国债项目水样分别为32.72%、21.48%(P<0.01)。总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群和菌落总数的合格率分别为27.63%、43.09%、78.95%,其他指标合格率均在93%以上。[结论]崇左市农村集中式供水工程水处理设施不完善,消毒设备闲置不用现象普遍,水质合格率较低,微生物污染严重。

[Objective]To understand the hygienic status of water by centralized water supply in rural areas of Chongzu city,provide scientific basis for the government to make health policy. [Methods]Hygienic investigation was conducted on the quality of the project of centralized water supply and the quality of water in rural areas of Chongzuo in 2008. [Results] 189 projects of centralized water supply in rural areas were investigated, tap water supply accounted for 16.40% （fulltreatment accounted for 7. 94% ,treatment with only disinfection accounted for 4.76 % ,clarification and filtration accounted for 3.70%）. 83.60% of the water supplied without any treatment. 18.82% and 14.42% centralized water supplies in national debt project and non-national debt project were full-treated and non-full treated （ P 〉0. 05）. The source of underground water accounted for 72. 49%, surface water accounted for 27.51%. The qualified rate of water samples was 21.47% ,of them it was 36.51% ,18. 42% in dry and rain seasons（ P 〈0. 01）. The qualified rate of the water samples from national debt project and non-national debt project was 32.72 % ,21.48% （ P 〈0.01）. The qualified rate of total coli group, thermostable coli group and total colony was 27.63 % ,43.09 % and 78. 95 % respectively. The qualified rate of other index was all over 93%. [Conclusion]The facilities for water treatment in the project of centralized water supply were not well equipped,disinfection equipments were not well be used, the qualified rate of the water was low and microbiological contamination was severe.