1999～2008年国内文献报道的预防接种引起过敏性休克病例分析

Case Analysis of Anaphylactic Shock Following Vaccination Reported in Domestic Literature from 1999 to 2008

[目的]总结预防接种引起过敏性休克的临床特征、流行病学特点和应对措施。[方法]对1999～2008年国内文献报道的70例预防接种引起的过敏性休克病例进行分析。[结果]70例病人由17种疫苗引起，死亡5例。接种狂犬病疫苗、乙脑疫苗、乙肝疫苗引起的合计41例（占58．57％）。疫苗接种后〈30min发生的占78．57％，30-60min发生的占10．00％；〉60min发生的占11．43％；28例合并过敏性皮疹；5例有药物过敏史，2例有食物过敏史，1例有疫苗接种过敏史。[结论]单价多针次灭活疫苗是引起预防接种过敏性休克的主要疫苗品种。

[Objective]To sum up clinical features,epidemiological characteristics and countermeasures of anaphylactic shock following vaccination. [Methods]Data of 70 cases of anaphylactic shock following vaccination reported in domestic literature from 1999 to 2008 were analyzed. [Results]70 cases were caused by 17 different vaccines, 5 cases died. 41 of them were caused by rabies,Japanese encephalitis vaccine, and hepatitis B vaccine, accounting for 58.57 %. Anaphylaetic shock occurred following vaccination within 30 minutes accounted for 78. 57 %, 30-60 minutes accounted for 10.00 %, over 60 minutes accounted for 11. 430%. 28 cases had the complication with allergic skin rash, 5,2 cases and 1 case had the history of drug allergy,food allergy and the allergy of vaccination. [Conclusion]Singe valent inactivated vaccines with more doses were the main vaccines causing anaphylactic shock following vaccination.