贵州大沙河银杉自然保护区植物资源考察

Investigation on the plant resources of Dashahe Nature Reserve of Yinsha in Guizhou

在对大沙河银杉自然保护区进行实地考察的基础上，通过对８８科１５２属约３００种常见维管植物的调查分析，初步认为该区内植物资源有如下特点：１）植物区系成分复杂，种子植物属的分布区类型有１２个，北温带分布、东亚分布、热带亚洲分布和泛热带分布类型比较多见；２）古老、残遗及稀有、濒危植物比较集中，其中国家重点保护植物８种；３）园林、观赏植物类型多样，杜鹃花属植物尤具特色；４）药用植物资源丰富，红豆杉〔Ｔａｘｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｐｉｌｇｅｒ）Ｒｅｈｄ．〕、雷公藤（ＴｒｉｐｔｅｒｙｇｉｕｍｗｉｌｆｏｒｄｉＨｏｏｋ．ｆ．）等多为珍贵药用植物。对保护区的现状也进行了分析和评价。

The Dashahe Nature Reserve of Yinsha ( Cathaya argyrophylla Chun et Kuang) is located in Daozhen county, the northern edge of Guizhou Province. Based on the results of the field exploration and the analysis of some 300 species of vascular plants, which are common and related to 152 genera in 88 families, some characteristics of the plant resources in this area are summerized as follows: 1) complexity of the floristic components, according to the geographical distribution of spermatophic genera, 12 types of geographical elements exist, among which North Temperate, East Asia, Tropical Asia and Pantropic elements are more common; 2) concentration of the archaic and relic or the rare and endangered elements of which 8 species are among the key plants of national protection; 3) diversity of the wild ornamental plants, especially of Rhododendron L. etc; 4) richness in medicinal plants including some precious species, e.g. Taxus chinensis (Pilger) Rehd., Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. etc. The present situation of the Nature Reserve are also discussed.