太湖藻型富营养化对水生高等植物的影响及植被的恢复

The influence of algae type eutrophication on aquatic higher plants and hydrophytic vegetational reconstruction in Taihu Lake

太湖的五里湖是典型的藻型富营养化湖泊，水质污染严重，水生高等植物消失。在该湖的物理生态工程围区内外，用盆吊繁殖试验、壮芽直播试验及人工水生植物群落套种栽培试验，研究藻型富营养化湖泊中影响水生高等植物生长、繁殖的主要水环境因子。结果表明，水体透明度是制约沉水植物和浮叶植物幼苗成活及生长的主要因子。在水体透明度较低、水下光照不足时，沉水植物生长受水下光照的影响大于浮叶植物，水下光照严重不足时，沉水植物的幼苗大量死亡。１９９５～１９９７年，在围区内成功地组建了包括漂浮植物、浮叶植物及沉水植物的１５个不同的水生高等植物群落。恢复和重建的水生高等植物群落能够有效地净化富营养化水体。

In the algae type eutrophication lake in Taihu Lake, by experiments of pot culture propagation, strong bud sowing and artificial community interplantings, the main factors that influence the growth and propagation of aquatic higher plants were investigated. The results show that the water transparency is the key control factor of survival and growth for submerged and leave floating plants. When the intensity of illumination of underwater is insufficient, the growth of submerged plants is inhibited more strongly than that of leave floating plants, and their seedlings will die under serious insufficiency of illumination. From 1995 to 1997, fifteen species of aquatic vascular plants were introduced and vegetated in the enclosures of physical ecological engineering. Fifteen communities were reconstructed which include floating, leave floating and submerged plants. It is available to purify the eutrophication lake water by the reconstructed communities.