重金属胁迫对5个常绿阔叶树种生理生化特性的影响

EFFECT OF HEAVY METAL STRESS ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FIVE EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED TREES

研究了不同浓度Cu-Zn-Pb-Cd复合重金属污染对木荷(Schima superba Gardn.)、香樟(Cinnamomum camphora Presl.)、青枫(Acer palmatum Thunb.)、苦槠(Castanopsis sclerophylla Schott.)和舟山新木姜子(Neolitsea sericea Koidz.)5个浙江地区常见种植的园林常绿阔叶树种抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,高浓度复合污染显著抑制植物的生长,植物受害现象严重,中浓度次之,低浓度下大部分植物危害较轻。随着土壤中复合重金属浓度的增加,5种植物不同处理的叶绿素含量都降低,中、高浓度处理与对照相比均达显著水平(P<0.05)和极显著水平(P<0.01);其中在高浓度处理条件下,木荷下降最为显著,舟山新木姜子下降最小。5种植物不同处理的可溶性蛋白质含量与对照相比均不显著,但是丙二醛含量与对照相比均达显著水平(P<0.05)和极显著水平(P<0.01)。不同浓度处理下,SOD、POD和CAT的活性均呈现出先升后降的趋势,表明5种植物都具有一定的抗逆能力。在高浓度处理条件下,舟山新木姜子CAT、POD和SOD活性比对照下降最少,木荷下降最为显著。5种常绿阔叶树种对复合重金属胁迫的耐受能力依次为:舟山新木姜子>香樟>苦槠>青枫>木荷。

Effect of combined heavy metal stress of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium on the antioxidant enzymes activities of 5 kind trees, such as Schima superba Gardn, Cinnamomum camphora Presl, Acer palmatum Thunb, Castanopsis sclerophylla Schott and Neolitsea sericea Kiodz were investigated in pot experiments. The results indicated that high concentrations of combined pollution significantly inhibited plant growth, and the damage of plants became light with the decrease of the concentration. With the increase of the concentration of heavy metal compound, chlorophyll content of the 5 kind trees reduced with different treatments, and the reduction of midum and high concentration treatments reached remarkable level （P0.05） and extremely remarkable level （P0.01）, respectively. In the high potency process condition, Schima superba Gardn drops obviously compared with CK, Neolitsea sericea Koidz drops smallest. Soluble protein content in 5 kind trees were not remarkable with different treatment, but the MAD content with the CK reached remarkable level （P0.05） and extremely remarkable level （P0.01）. SOD, POD and CAT activities firstly were increased and then decreased, indicating that 5 kind trees possess the ability of resilience. And at the high potency process condition, CAT, POD and SOD activities of Neolitsea sericea Koidz dropped most slightly compared to CK, but Schima superba Gardn dropped most remarkably. The results suggested that the stress resistance ability of 5 kind trees to the heavy metal compounds was in the order： Neolitsea sericea Koidz Cinnamomum camphora Presl Castanopsis sclerophylla Schott Acer palmatum Thunb Schima superba Gardn.