基于ICD-10编码的0～14岁儿童伤害外因和后果的研究

Study on the external causes and consequences of injury of 0～14 children based on ICD-10

目的为了更加准确的制定预防策略和更加有效地实施干预,深入了解儿童伤害的外因和后果。方法根据ICD-10编码对广东南澳县和浙江常山县2006年4月～2008年3月两年的伤害监测报告卡进行外因编码和后果编码,然后对其进行比较分析。结果广东南澳县不同性别儿童的伤害外因编码差异有统计学意义(P=0.026),而后果编码差异无统计学意义(P=0.979),学龄前与学龄期儿童的伤害外因编码和伤害后果编码分布差异有统计学意义(P=0.006,P=0.001)。浙江常山县不同性别儿童的伤害外因编码分布有统计学差异(P<0.001);后果编码分差异有统计学意义(P=0.010)。学龄前与学龄期儿童的伤害外因编码分布差异无统计学意(P=0.068),而后果编码分布差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论跌倒仍是儿童伤害的重要原因,但不同地域呈现不同的特点。而容易受到伤害的部位主要是头部。因此应针对不同地域,性别,年龄制定和实施不同的伤害预防措施,更加有效地减少儿童伤害的发生。

Objective To formulate prevention strategies more accurately and conduct interventions more effectively, external causes and consequences of children injury were explored. Methods According to ICD-10, external causes and consequences of injury reporting cards were coded and compared in Nan＇ao County of Guangdong and Changshan County of Zhejiang from April 1st 2006 to March 31st 2008. Results In Nan＇ ao there was statistical significance in external causes coding with different genders （P = 0. 026）, but no significant difference in consequences coding （P = 0. 979）. In age groups, there was significant difference in external causes coding （ P = 0. 006） ; there was significant difference concerning consequences coding （P =0.001）. In Changshan there were significant difference in external causes conding （P 〈 0. 001 ） and consequences coding （P = 0. 010） between gender. There was no significance in external causes coding （P = 0. 068） between age groups, however, there was significance in consequences coding （ P = 0.001 ）. Conclusions Falls remain the leading causes of children injuries, but there were different characteristics in different places. The head is most likely to be injured with. To reduce children injury effectively, different prevention measures should be formulated and implemented in different places, genders and age groups.