汉语无条件构式的历时演化考察

A Diachronic Study on Chinese Arbitrary Conditional Constructions

汉语无条件构式萌芽于先秦,成熟于六朝,起初是以正反对举或类义列举的形式表示无条件关系,唐宋时期开始出现以疑问词语任指表示无条件的新形式。无条件构式的形式和意义相互影响,发展出多种"变式",使意义表达更精确、生动。源词语一般都是进入无条件构式后演化为连词的。新词语的加入对构式形式的发展起到了催化作用。

The arbitrary conditional constructions in Chinese germinated in the pre-Qing period and shaped in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. The earlier forms used to express the constructional meanings via the contrast of antonymous or synonymous lexical items,In Tang Dynasty,the new constructions appeared to express the meanings by means of interrogatives. The interaction between their forms and meanings resulted in the evolvement of the constructions into different variations to be used to express precisely and vividly. The constructions are the causes of the connectives evolved from their sources and the new constituencies catalyzed the process of the evolvement.