玉米果穗性状和生理生化指标与抗旱性相关分析

Correlative Analysis of Drought Resistance Among Ear Characters, Physiological and Biochemical Indices in Maize

以玉米东单７号、丹玉１３号、豫玉３号及其亲本自交系（Ｄ１，Ｄ２，Ｍｏ１７，Ｅ２８，３１８４，黄早四）为试材，研究了玉米果穗性状、形态和生理生化指标在干旱条件下的变化及其与抗旱性的关系。结果表明，穗重、穗粒重、结实长度、穗直径、穗粒数、行粒数、单株叶面积、相对电导率、脯氨酸含量、叶片失水速率、根部失水速率、叶片光合速率、叶片ＶＣ含量、叶片ＳＯＤ活性、叶片丙二醛含量与抗旱性显著相关。穗行数、瘪粒数、叶向值、叶角度、叶形值、黄叶枯叶数、叶绿素含量与抗旱性没有显著的相关性。用穗部性状进行抗旱性直接鉴定可靠性高，用形态性状指标进行抗旱性间接鉴定可靠性较差，用生理生化指标进行间接鉴定时，需以丙二醛含量，叶片失水速率、相对电导率、叶片ＳＯＤ活性。

the ear characers, plant type and biochemical indices in maize in the condition of drought stress and the relationship between them and drought resistance were studied with parental inbred lines and 3 crosses. The results showed that there are significant correlations between drought resistance and the characters of ear weight, kernal weight per ear, ear length, ear diameter, kernels per row, leaf area per plant, relative electro conductivity, rate of water loss from roots, photosynthetic rate, activity of SOD, V C contents and MDA contents. Meanwhile the correlations between drought resistance and the characters of rows per ear, blighted kernels, leaf orientation, leaf angle, leaf shape, yellow leaves, withered leaves, content of chlorophyll are not significant. So there was a high reliability of directly identifying drought resistance with ear characters. Meanwhile the reliability of indirectly identifying drought resistance by means of compositing five biochemical indices, MDA contents, rate of water loss from leaves, relative electro conductivity, activity of SOD, and V C contents would have a high reliability.