黑龙江省及黄淮海地区大豆品种的遗传改进

Genetic imrpovement of soybean cultivars in Heilongjiang province and Huang Huai Hai valley

对黑龙江省和黄淮海地区不同时期有代表性的大豆品种进行比较研究，结果表明单株粒重、荚比、三四粒荚数、每节荚数、每荚粒数、百粒重、脂肪含量等性状与产量呈显著或极显著正相关，而倒伏性与产量呈极显著负相关。各地大豆品种遗传改进的明显趋势在于抗倒伏性显著增强，单株粒重提高，每节荚数、每荚粒数增多，粒重增大，茎杆增粗，株高降低。

Through comparative research to representative soybean cultivars in different periods in Heilongjiang province and Huang Huai Hai valley,we found that yield per plant,pod ratio,pods with 3,4 seeds,pods per node,seeds per pod,100 seed weight and oil content had significant correlation or highly significant correlation with yield,but lodging had highly significant negative correlation.Genetic improvement of soybean cultivars had evident tendency as follows:resistance to lodging was strengthened,yield per plant was increased,pods per node and seeds per pod were increased,seed weight was increased,pods per node and seeds per pod were increased,seed weight was increased,plant height was decreased. To understand genetic improvement of soybean cultivars in different regions is very important to identify objectives of soybean breeding,to identify parents of hybridization,selection of new lines.Main agronomic characteristics of new soybean lines needs to conform the needs of production.This kind of cultivars is easy to release production.