五个旱地冬小麦亲本材料源、流、库不同性状的配合力与遗传方式研究

A Study of Combining Ability and Genetic Model of Origin Current Stock Characters from 5 Dryland Winter Wheat Materials

利用不同生态区的５个旱地冬小麦材料双列杂交，研究亲本与Ｆ１源、流、库８个性状的配合力和遗传模型，结果表明：亲本Ｇ．ｃ．ａ．高、中、低都能组配出高Ｓ．ｃ．ａ的组合，但双亲至少有一个为高Ｓ．ｃ．ａ．的占７７．５％。按照Ｇ．ｃ．ａ．效应大、Ｓ．ｃ．ａ．方差小和显、隐性基因多寡筛选抗旱小麦杂交育种的优良亲本，长武１３１和８４１２９分别属于源、库２个不同类型的优良亲本；小偃１６８的综合性状表现较好，属于流类型的优良亲本。在性状遗传上，源、库类性状主要由基因累加方式遗传，流类性状遗传方式比较复杂。

The 1/2P(P+1) diallel crossing is produced by 5 drought resistant winter wheat varieties from variant ecological zones. Both combining ability and genetic model are studied as 8 characters of F1. The results show that the high S. c. a. combination can be obtained from any parent of high, mid or low G. c. a., but high G. c. a. parent is 77.5% in high S. c. a. combinations, at least one in a parental pair. In accordance with larger G. c. a. effect, smaller S. c. a. variance and the more recessive gene to select good parent are applied to cross breeding. Changwu 131 and 84129 are the best ancestors over Origin and Stock, respectively, while the comprehensive traits of Xiaoyan 168 are quite good. Traits of Origin and Stock perform to take way at additive inheritance, but Current traits comparatively complex.