得意岂能忘形——从《傲慢与偏见》的两种译文看文学翻译中主位—信息结构之再现

Form as a Contribution to Meaning——Representation of Thematic and Information Structures in Literary Translation through an Analysis of Two Chinese Translations of Pride and Prejudice

翻译的本质属性乃语言之转换。语言是意义的系统,但意义通过语言形式再现出来。语言形式同意义犹如果皮与果肉,浑然天成。因此,翻译不仅要关注意义,还要关注形式,即"得意"不能"忘形"。语言形式可分四个层面,其中在语篇层面上的主位—信息结构对构建语篇意义起着重要作用。本文基于主位—信息结构理论,对张经浩和孙致礼翻译的《傲慢与偏见》两个汉译本片段的主位-信息结构进行对比发现,张译在主位选择上颇为随意,因而破坏了原文的信息结构,改变了原文的语篇意义,毁掉了原作的艺术价值。孙译则深谙原作语言形式所负载的语篇意义,对原作语言形式中的主位—信息结构予以充分再现,做到意之所到,形式不忘,最终的译文浑然天成。

Translation, in essence, is a transfer between different languages. Language is a system for meanings, and all the meanings within it are interconnected with its linguistic forms. Their interconnectedness is manifested by their inseparability just like fruit and its skin. Translation, therefore, entails not only the translator＇s conveyance of meanings but also his preservation of linguistic forms. Linguistic forms can be divided at four levels, among which the thematic and information structures greatly contribute to the structuring of textual meanings. Based on thematic and information structure theories, this paper analyzes the thematic and information structures in the two excerpts translated by Zhang Jinghao and Sun Zhili respectively of Jane Austin＇s Pride and Prejudice with the finding that due to his casual choice of themes in translation, Zhang had impaired the information structure of the source text so that its textual meanings were distorted and its artistic value destroyed. Sun＇s translation, however, fully revealed his awareness of the interconnectedness between linguistic forms and meanings. His adequate representation of the source text thematic and information structures in translation constituted an example of how forms and meanings were inseparably integrated.