SWAT模型在水资源管理中研究进展与灌区应用展望

Advance of SWAT Model in Regional Water Resource Management and Application Prospect in Irrigation District

SWAT模型是近几年发展比较快的一个流域分布式水文模型,它可以对大、中尺度的流域的水文物理过程进行长时段模拟。本文介绍了SWAT模型的特点,并通过对模型在反映人类活动对流域水资源管理影响等方面研究的评述,总结了模型在自然流域水资源管理应用的优势以及在人工干扰强烈的农业灌区应用还存在的问题。进而提出了SWAT模型在灌区的水分循环、节水改造等方面的研究方向与应用前景,为灌区水资源的优化管理与节水灌溉评价提供一个新的研究手段。

SWAT （Soil and Water Assessment Tool） model is an advanced, physically based and distributed hydrological model for watersheds, which has been developed rapidly in recently years. It is feasible to simulate hydrological and physical processes at the large and middle scale watersheds over long periods of time. This paper described the characteristics of SWAT model, summarized the advantages of the water resource management and application in natural watershed and the existent problems in irrigation districts with intensive artificial interferences after the comment on the researches of hydrological modeling and water resource management worldwide, and put forwards the research directions and application prospects of SWAT model on the water cycle of irrigation districts, water-saving reconstruction and other fields, and provided a new research tool for comment on water resource reasonable management and water-saving irrigation.