《洛丽塔》中的叙述与聚焦——认知诗学视野下的叙事策略

Narration and Focalization in Lolita:Narrative Strategies in the Light of Cognitive Poetics

《洛丽塔》作为一部成功的叙事作品,其艺术魅力很大程度上要归功于对视点的恰当处理。作者选择第一人称作为小说的主导叙述视点,并在时空视点和知觉视点的选择中不断用过去与现在的"我"作为内聚焦与外聚焦交替出现,隐含叙述者和隐含作者的观念视点。在叙事理论的基础之上,运用认知诗学的研究成果分析该作品在叙事过程中对叙述视点处理的叙述策略,阐释《洛丽塔》在叙述和聚焦上的特征,揭示视点的安排在作品中的感知效果。

As a narrative masterpiece, Lolita has its own artistic charm ascribed to the appropriate treatment of point of view. The author chooses the first person as the guiding narrative point of view dealing with the past events and adopts the skill of using ＂me＂, in the arrangement of Spation-temporal and perceptual point of view, as internal-focalization and exter- nal-focalization alternately between the past and present time. During the course of narration, ideological point of view is presented impliedly. It is through the analyses of narrative strategies in dealing with viewpoint in the narrative process that this paper, based on the narrative theories, utilizes the result of cognitive poetics to illustrate the features of narrating and focalization in Lolita and reveal the perceived effect of point of view in this works.