STB-700型排种器试验台的设计与试验研究

Design and experimental research of STB-700 seed metering test-bed

针对现有带式排种器试验台对不同类型排种器适应性差,播种类型受限制、不能模拟播种机田间作业的实际工况等问题,采用理论研究与实验室试验相结合的方法,设计一种新型的排种器试验台,着重对排种器安装架和传送带清油装置进行研究,并对样机进行试验。结果表明:自行设计的排种器安装架具有较强的通用性和适应性,更换排种器操作快捷;传送带清油装置工作可靠,清洁效果良好;试验台可使用常见的机械式和气力式排种器,实现条播、穴播、精播等播种方式的检测;借助排种器安装架调整装置,实现了在试验台上对播种机田间实际工作状态的模拟,排种高度0～400 mm可调,排种器各方向倾斜角度0°～15°可调,能够完成GB/T 6973-2005《单粒(精密)播种机试验方法》、GB/T9478-2005《谷物条播机试验方法》中排种性能指标的检测。

On the basis of theoretical and experimental studies, a new-type seed metering test-bed was designed to solve the problem of the existing test-beds. Equipping with an installation frame and an oil cleaning device, the testbed can be used for common mechanical and pneumatic seed metering. In order to simulate the actual conditions in the field, the installation frame can be used to adjust the sowing height from 0 to 400 mm and to change the inclination angle under 15＂ in every direction. According to the National Standards GB/T 6973 - 2005 ＂Testing methods of single seed drills （precision drills）＂ and GB/T 9478 - 2005 ＂Testing methods of sowing in lines＂, the test-bed can be adopted for structure study and performance test of row seeding, hole seeding or precision seeding. The results of prototype show that the installation frame has good universality and adaptability for various seed metering devices, and the oil cleaning device performed a reliable operation.