重型颅脑外伤患者气管切开术后呼吸道的护理

The nursing for the incision of trachea on the severe craniocerebral injury patients

目的探讨重型颅脑外伤患者气管切开后呼吸道护理的要点。方法通过对52例重型颅脑外伤患者行气管切开术后的护理,给予严格、有效、细致的气道管理,保持呼吸道通畅,保持病房环境清洁,空气净化,定期开窗通风,严格限制探视和陪护。结果气管套管留置时间7～30d,并发肺部感染10例、导管阻塞6例、气道狭窄2例、脱管1例。结论密切观察病情,尽早采取气管切开支持呼吸、及时有效的吸痰及防治并发症等措施,能改善重症颅脑损伤患者的预后,对提高患者的生命质量有重要的意义。

Objective To investigate the nursing point for the incision of trachea on the severe craniocerebral injury patients.Methods 52 patients with incision of trachea were given the strict, utility, careful nuring, keeping the respiratory tract easy and smooth, keeping the ward cleaning, limiting visiting. Results The windpipe bushing stayed for 7 - 30 days, and there were 10 patients with the lung infection, 6 patients with the tube blocking, 2 patients with the windpipe narrow, 1 patient with the windpipe emerging. Conclusions If the severe craniocerebral injury patients were given the incision of trachea early, it could be better and important for improving the life quality.