低剂量微波辐射减轻γ射线对小鼠造血系统的损伤

The reduction of γ-rays damages of mice hematopoietic system pre-treated by low dose microwave irradiation

为探讨低剂量微波与γ射线复合照射对小鼠造血系统的影响,将雄性昆明小鼠随机分为对照组、微波照射组、γ射线照射组及微波与γ射线复合照射组。微波组与复合组小鼠先接受功率密度为120μW/cm2的微波照射,1h/d,持续14 d,第15天给予γ射线照射组和复合组5.0 Gy 60Coγ射线一次性全身照射。于照射后3 d、6 d、9 d、12 d处死动物,取胸骨及脾脏,对各组病理形态变化进行定量检测和分级。结果显示,单独γ射线与复合照射均可导致骨髓组织经历典型的凋亡坏死、空虚、再生修复和恢复4个阶段的病理改变,但复合组的病变轻于电离照射组,恢复也更快。脾脏系数结果显示,照后9 d、12 d复合组脾脏系数显著高于电离照射组(p<0.05)。脾脏病理显示,脾损伤病变过程与骨髓造血组织基本相似,复合组病变轻于电离照射组。本实验表明预先低剂量的微波辐射可减轻γ射线对小鼠造血系统的严重损伤。

In order to explore the effects of low dose microwave on mice hematopoietic injuries induced by γ-rays irradiation, male Kunming mice were treated randomly with control, the microwave, the γ-rays irradiation and microwave combined with γ-rays irradiation respectively. The microwave group and combined group were pre-exposed to 120μW/cm^2 microwave with 1h/d and sustained 14 days. And the T-rays irradiation and combined group were further exposed to 5.0 Gyof ^60Co T-ray radiation at the 15^th day. Animals were sacrificed at the 3, 6, 9 and 12 day after irradiation. The sternum and spleen paraffin section were produced and the pathological changes were quantitatively obtained. The results show that bone marrow is obviously injured either by γ-rays or combined radiation, which is characterized by undergoing four-phase lesions, namely apoptosis-necrosis, void, regeneration and recovery phase. Compared to γ-rays group, the pathological changes in combined group are slighter and the recovery is quicker. The spleen coefficient of combined group is significantly higher than that of the γ-rays group at the 9^th and 12^th day after irradiation （p〈0.05）. The pathological changes of spleen are similar to that of bone marrow. All these injuries in the combined group are lighter than that in the γ-rays group. It has been demonstrated that pre-exposure with low dose microwave could reduce the γ-rays hematopoietic damage in this experimental conditions.