西安神禾塬地区高光谱遥感考古研究

Research on Hyperspectral Remote Sensing for Archaeology in Shenheyuan,Xi'an

与传统考古技术相比,遥感技术能快速、低廉地对大范围地下文物遗存进行探测和制图.但从以往大量考古遥感实践来看,遥感考古往往只是在地表残存一定遗迹的情况下才能取得好的效果,而对于地表没有残存痕迹的考古遗址,其遥感分析往往会无功而返.考古学家最需要的是在没有地表残存痕迹情况下的考古遥感探测技术.本文通过陕西长安县神禾塬高光谱遥感考古试验研究,介绍了一种新型的考古遥感技术——高光谱遥感考古,它通过探测和识别微弱的地物光谱异常,实现了在没有任何地表"常规"考古线索情况下的地下文物遗存探测.

Compared with traditional archaeological technologies, remote sensing can quickly help exploring and producing underground cultural relics map in large scale at small cost. However, previous archaeological practices show that remote sensing technology could be effective when some certain ground remains exist. Remote sensing analysis usually fails to achieve any result for some sites where no ground remains of cultural relics are present. In fact archaeologists would consider the remote sensing technology more helpful if it is effective for the archaeological site without ground remains. Taking Shenheyuan, Chang＇ an County, Shaanxi as a test area, this paper introduces a new remote sensing technology -hyperspectral remote sensing used for archaeology. By means of detecting and identifying weak spectral anomalies of ground objectives, hyperspectral remote sensing achieves exploration for underground cultural relics successfully in the sites where no ground clues exist.