崂山奶山羊微卫星标记与泌乳性状的相关分析

Correlation Analysis Between Microsatellite Markers and Milk Performance Traits in Laoshan Dairy Goat

【目的】探讨微卫星DNA作为崂山奶山羊泌乳性状遗传标记的可行性。【方法】根据比较基因组遗传图谱,选择奶牛6、14、15号染色体上与泌乳性状相关联的微卫星座位(BM1329、BM143、BM302、CSSM66和BMS0812),对175只崂山奶山羊泌乳母羊进行多态性检测,采用最小二乘方法分析微卫星座位与泌乳性状之间的关联效应。【结果】所选微卫星座位在崂山奶山羊群体中均表现出丰富的遗传多态性,有效等位基因、观察杂合度、多态信息含量和近交系数的平均值分别为3.9924、0.4667、0.6748和0.347。基因座CSSM66对乳脂率和300d泌乳量均有显著效应(P<0.05),最有利的基因型分别为210/210和194/194,具有正效应的等位基因分别为210和194;BM302对300d泌乳量有极显著效应(P<0.01),最有利的基因型为156/150,具有正效应的等位基因为156和150;基因座BM143对乳脂率有显著效应(P<0.05),对乳蛋白率有极显著效应(P<0.01),最有利基因型分别为114/100和100/100,等位基因114和100对乳脂、乳蛋白均有正效应;基因座BM1329对乳脂率有显著效应(P<0.05),最有利的基因型为182/180。【结论】发现了对崂山奶山羊泌乳性状有显著效应、多态性较高的微卫星基因座,为开展崂山奶山羊的标记辅助选择提供了有价值的遗传标记。

【Objective】 The aim of the present work was to research whether the microsatellite DNA could improve milk performance traits of Laoshan dairy goat as the genetic marker. 【Method】 According to comparative genetic map,five dairy cattle microsatellite loci （CSSM66,BM302,BM1329,BM143 and BMS0812） correlated with milk performance traits of chromosome 4,6 and 15 were detected in 175 Laoshan dairy goats. The genetic analysis and correlation analysis between microsatellite markers and milk performance traits were calculated in Laoshan dairy goat. 【Result】 The genetic analysis showed that 5 microsatellite loci had a rich diversity in Laoshan dairy goat group. The mean values of the Ne,Ho,PIC and Fis were 0.39924,0.4667,0.6748 and 0.347 respectively. Least square analysis evidenced that CSSM66 had a significant effect on the fat percentage （P〈0.01） and 300 d milk yield （P〈0.05）,and the genotypes 210/210 and 194/194 were the most favorable genotypes respectively,the alleles 210 and 194 had a positive effect on fat percentage and 300 d milk yield respectively. BM302 had a significant effect on 300 d milk yield（P〈0.01）,and the genotype 156/150 was the most favorable genotype,the alleles 156 and 150 had a positive effect on 300 d milk yield. BM143 had a significant effect on the fat percentage （P〈0.05） and protein percentage （P〈0.01）,and the genotypes 114/100 and 100/100 were the most favorable genotypes,both the alleles 114 and 100 had a positive effect on fat percentage and protein percentage. BM1329 had a significant effect on fat percentage （P〈0.05）,and the genotype 182/180 was the most favorable genotype. 【Conclusion】 In this study,the microsatellite loci with a rich diversity and a significant effect on milk performance traits were found,and they provided valuable genetic markers for marker-assisted selection of Laoshan dairy goat.