川滇农牧交错区地形特征对土地利用空间格局的影响

EFFECT OF TERRAIN FEATURES ON THE LAND USE PATTERN IN CHUAN-DIAN FARMING PASTORAL ECOTONE

川滇农牧交错区位于我国青藏高原的东南缘，地形地貌特征复杂，研究该区土地利用特征与地形之间的关系，有助于了解人类开发活动与自然地理条件之间的关系，对区域的资源开发和生态保护具有重要的现实意义。基于RS＼GIS技术，采用遥感调查、土地利用结构分析和GIS空间分析方法，研究了该区1988-2000年的土地利用特征，以及不同土地利用类型的空间分布与地形因子之间的关系。初步结果发现：耕地、林地和草地是研究区内受人类活动影响的主要土地类型，也是类型转换相对频繁的土地类型；地形因子对不同土地利用类型的空间分布具有显著影响，其中，海拔在垂直方向上对土地利用空间布局具有控制性作用。研究结果同时表明，地形特征是川滇农牧交错区土地利用空间格局形成的基础，其原因在于地形因子通过影响水热条件及其他自然资源要素在本区内的再分配，进而影响着人类对土地资源的利用方式和利用程度。

Chuan-dian farming-pastoral ecotone located in the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau in China has a unique and complex geomorphology. Study on the effect of the terrain features on the land use can help people understand the relationship between the human activity and the physical geography, which has practical significance in regional development and environment protection. Based on the RS／GIS technology,this paper analyzed the land use in 1988 and 2000, and discussed the effect of geomorphic factors on land use pattern. The result indicates. 1） Cultivated land, forest land and grass land are mainly land use types in research area. From 1988 to 2000, the land use type transform frequently and the inner structure of each kind of land use changed obviously. 2） The geomorphic factors have significant effect on land use pattern,among them the altitude controlled the spatial distribution of different land use type in vertical direction. The study also showed that the terrain features are the foundation of regional land use pattern in research area. The reason was the terrain factor, such as high altitude, determines the redistribution of rainfall, heat, and other natural resource in inner domain, which finally affect the land use type and degree of human being.