转型国家和地区的腐败与反腐败现象研究

Corruption and Anti-corruption in Countries and Regions in Transition

腐败是一国政治、经济、文化、司法情况的侧面反映。俄罗斯、韩国、台湾等转型国家和地区民主政治发展中腐败放量增加,既有腐败的一般性原因,更有转型期制度约束缺失下政治分权导致腐败切入点分散化、政府主导型市场经济下权力设租和寻租恶性循环、传统政治道德体系解体下公职人员从政心理发生裂变等特定因素的推助。我们必须看到导致腐败的因素会随着问题被暴露以及社会寻求完善的民主与法制而发生改变,民众的民主监督技能也会因民主的教育而大大提高。对于转型国家和地区民主化发展中不断上演的政治腐败和社会动乱,我们不能在一种幸灾乐祸的心态下固步自封,停止民主政治发展的探索,更不能背离民主。需要借鉴当代民主理论的研究成果和民主实践的经验与教训,顺应本国的国情和社会发展的客观需要,正确制定我国民主政治发展的方略,有效遏制权力腐败。

Corruption is the reflection of political, economic, cultural and judicial situations of a country. Presently, corruption is on the increase in some transitional countries and regions, which is of common causes and particular causes, such as the diversion of corruptions due to political division, the vicious circle of rent setting and rent seeking in the market economy guided by the government, and the psychological change in government employees due to the breakdown of traditional political morals. However, we must notiee that factors causing corruption will be revealed and changed by the seeking for perfect democracy and legal system, and the supervising techniques of the mass will be improved along with democratic education. We shouldn＇t cease the probation of democratic polities, or even discard democracy. On the contrary, considering China＇s real situation and social development, we should establish correct strategies for China＇s democratic policies with the help of contemporary researches on democracy.