地埂植物篱对大型土壤动物多样性的影响

Effects of terrace hedgerows on soil macrofauna diversity

为了解地埂植物篱作为农田边界对于大型土壤动物多样性的影响,2006年冬季和2007年春季对桑园、桑埂、橘园、橘埂和农田大型土壤动物群落结构进行了调查,共获得大型土壤动物4533只,隶属于3门、9纲、24类。结果表明,不同土地利用方式大型土壤动物群落的个体密度、类群数和DG多样性指数均存在显著差异。无论在冬季还是在春季,地埂植物篱桑埂和橘埂的个体密度、类群数和DG多样性指数均显著高于农田;冬季桑园和橘园的个体密度、类群数和DG多样性指数也显著高于农田。大型土壤动物群落的个体密度和类群数在垂直分布上与土壤含水量、全N和有机质含量的垂直分布规律一致,均随着土层深度的增加而递减。主成分分析表明,桑埂、橘埂和橘园的大型土壤动物群落组成与桑园和农田存在显著差异,桑园与农田也存在显著差异。地埂植物篱的存在对于大型土壤动物多样性保护具有重要意义。

In order to understand the effects of terrace hedgerows on the soil macrofauna diversity,soil macrofauna was investigated during winter 2006 and spring 2007 in five land-use systems i.e.mulberry orchard,mulberry field margin,citrus orchard,cirtrus field margin and farmland.A total of 4533 soil macrofauna individuals were captured and classified into 3 phylums,9 classes.The results showed that individual density,group number and DG diversity index of soil macrofauna community varied significantly with land use systems.The three indicators were significantly higher in the mulberry field margin and citrus field margin than in the farmland both in winter and spring,and higher in the mulberry orchard and citrus orchard than in the farmland in winter.The individual density and group number decreased with the increase of soil depth in five land-use systems,same trend has been found for the vertical distribution of soil water content,total N and organic matters.Principal component analysis showed that the soil macrofauna communities of mulberry field margin,citrus field margin and citrus orchard were significantly different from mulberry orchard and farmland,and the soil macrofauna community of mulberry orchard was also significantly different from farmland.The study suggests that terrace hedgerows play an important role in conserving soil macrofauna diversity.