不同播期辣椒和番茄上烟粉虱成虫与捕食性天敌之间的关系

Relationships among Bemisia tabaci adults and its predatory natural enemies between pepper and tomato in different seasons

为了科学施药,合理利用和保护自然天敌进行烟粉虱的综合防治,用灰色系统分析方法、生态位分析方法和空间格局聚集强度指标分析方法,对春、秋两季辣椒和番茄田烟粉虱成虫及其主要捕食性天敌在数量、时间、空间格局等方面进行分析,结果表明:辣椒和番茄田烟粉虱成虫的捕食性天敌依次是粽管巢蛛、八斑球腹蛛、草间小黑蛛和小花蝽,两季辣椒田烟粉虱成虫的种群数量差异极显著(t=7.9063,t>t0.01)。两季辣椒田中,八斑球腹蛛、异色瓢虫、粽管巢蛛、草间小黑蛛和龟纹瓢虫差异极显著(t>t0.01),锥腹肖蛸差异显著(t>t0.05)。棚内天敌种类和数量较少。秋-冬季番茄田烟粉虱成虫数量显著高于辣椒田(t=2.4564,t>t0.01),而春-夏季两种作物上烟粉虱成虫种群数量没有明显差异,t=1.4628,t<t0.05)。

To use and conserve reasonably natural enemies for comprehensive control of Bemisia tabaci,in this present work,the quality,time and spatial framework of Bemisia tabaci and its predatory natural enemies was further studied using grey system analysis,ecological niche analysis and aggregated-intensity index analysis of spatial patterns.The synthetic ranking result indicated that the order of main natural enemies of Bemisia tabaci adults was Clubiona japonicola,Therdiong octomaculatum,Erigonidium graminicola and Orius minutes.The numbers of Bemisia tabaci adults during spring-summer and autumn-winter season in pepper fields was compared using T-test（T= 7.9063,t〉t0.01 = 2.85）,which showed a highly significant difference.In addition,there were also highly significant differences in the numbers of predatory natural enemies,i.e.Therdiong octomaculatum（T= 4.8553,t〉t0.01=2.85）,Harmonia axyridis（T= 3.1780,t〉t0.01=2.85）,Clubiona japonicola（T= 3.6550,t〉t0.01=2.85）,Erigonidium graminico...更多la（T=4.7893,t〉t0.01=2.85）,Propylaea japonica（T= 3.2325,t〉t0.01=2.85）,and Tetragnatha maxillosa（T=2.1009,t〉t0.05=2.09） between the two seasons in pepper fields.The further T test showed that the numbers of Bemisia tabaci adults population in autumn-winter season existed significant difference（T=2.4564,t〉t0.05=2.09）,while no significant difference was found in spring-summer season（T=1.4628,t〈t0.05=2.09） between pepper and tomato fields.The results indicated the amounts of Bemisia tabaci adults in tomato fields were apparently higher than that in pepper fields.Above results may provide clues for protecting natural enemies and optimizing control strategies of Bemisia tabaci adults.