高填土盖板涵EPS板减荷试验及设计方法

Load reduction tests and design methods for culverts with high fill soil using EPS slabs

为了寻求最佳减荷效果和完善减荷措施设计,继以往试验成果,在一盖板涵涵顶与涵侧分别铺设了不同厚度的EPS板进行现场减荷试验。结果再次表明:通过EPS板的压缩变形协调,能够显著减小涵顶与涵侧的土压力,且铺设的EPS板越厚,土压力越小,但其减荷效果增幅递减;采取减荷措施后涵洞的沉降量也明显减小,同时改善了涵洞纵向的不均匀沉降。依据作者原推涵洞土压力理论公式,建立了简明的EPS板减荷设计方法,并提出了减荷措施的适用范围及EPS板切割、铺设以及施工要点。

In order to find the optimum load reduction effects and complete design methods,new load reduction tests in site on the top and lateral sides of a culvert by using EPS slabs with different thicknesses are done based on the previous tests. The test results indicate again that the EPS slabs can reduce vertical and lateral soil pressures acting on the culvert obviously by the compressive deformation of the EPS slabs; the thicker the EPS slabs,the smaller the soil pressure on the culvert; but the load reduction effects decrease with the increase of thickness of EPS slabs. The settlement of the culvert decreases after adopting the load reduction method, thereby different settlements along the longitudinal culvert are improved. According to the load reduction theory developed by the authors before, a simple design method for load reduction by using EPS slabs is put forward. The corresponding design and application conditions, incision, placing and construction methods of EPS are also given.