基本职业卫生服务中的检测能力建设探讨

Construction of Detection Ability in Basic Occupational Health Service

目的探讨基本职业卫生服务工作中如何做好职业卫生检测能力建设。方法对深圳市宝安区现有的职业卫生检测体系进行分析,剖析其优势、存在的问题、不足及解决办法。结果宝安区为劳务输入地区的试点,存在大量的外来劳务工,除区疾控中心承担了大量的检测工作外,街道预防保健所承担了大部分的职业卫生检测、职业性健康检查工作。宝安区职业卫生服务工作目前还存在检测人员编制、职称结构、人员素质,仪器设备配备和重普通体检、轻职业性体检和有害因素检测等问题。结论在在劳务输入地区,不能仅按常住人口配备职业卫生检测人员,街道一级有必要建立具备职业卫生检测能力的机构,并形成区(县)—街道(镇)联动机制,有条件的区(县)建立专门的职业卫生防治机构。

[ Objective] To discuss how to construct suitable occupational health detection ability in basic occupational health serv- ice. [ Methods ] The occupational health testing system in Baoan District of Shenzhen City were analyzed in terms of its advantage, disadvantage, problem, and solution. [ Results] Bao^n District, a pilot area for the labor input, with a large number of immigrant workers which not only received occupational health service from Baoan District CDC, but also from health cares centers of sub-dis- trict. The problems of size of personnel force, title structure, the quality of personnel, equipment, focusing on normal physical ex- amination, neglecting occupational physical examination and detection of harmful factors, etc existed in occupational health service of Baoan District. [ Conclusion ] In labor input area, the number of occupational health inspectors should be more than that of common areas, the health institute of sub-district level should construct occupational health detection ability, and form a joint-action mecha- nism of district level to sub-district level. Some district （county） government, with good condition, should construct a special occu- pational health institute.