魏晋南北朝文论中的“自然”观

"Natural" Perspective of Literary Critique in Wei Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties

"自然"既指大自然、自然物象,又具有天然合理、自然而然之意。魏晋南北朝文论中的"自然"观包括以下文学作为一种人为创造活动的产物,出于"自然",合乎"自然";诗文所抒发的感情应当是真实自然的;文章在构思立意、布局谋篇、遣词造句和整体风格上都应自然而然;对文学创作而言,后天的功夫固然不可或缺,但自然禀赋是最重要的。

＂Nature＂ refers to Mother Nature, natural phenomenon, which means natural and reasonable, a matter of course. ＂Natural＂ perspective of literary critique in Wei Jin and Southern and Norhtern dynasties included the following content： Literature, as a form of product of human creative activity, comes from ＂nature＂and fits in with ＂nature＂; the emotions expressed by poetry should be genuine and natural; essays should be natural in terms of construct design, layout strategy, diction and global style; as far as literary creation is concerned, the natural gift is of uttermost importance although the nurture of one＇s skill is indispensable.