不同类型家庭对社区卫生服务的需求意向研究

Demand Intention of Community Health Services in Different Family Types

目的了解不同类型家庭对社区卫生服务的需求意向,为完善社区卫生服务工作提供依据。方法以位于我国中西部地区的陕西汉中市,云南昆明市、宜良县,内蒙古呼和浩特市和湖北荆门市的两个农村点和三个城市点为本次研究现场,随机抽取社区常住居民,以自行设计的调查表对家庭进行入户调查。结果社区居民家庭选择率最高的前三项社区卫生服务项目分别是"定期体检、方便向医生咨询、在医院方便治疗"。核心家庭与非核心家庭对"方便向医生咨询、医生上门服务、护理人员上门服务、疑难病的诊治、方便预防接种、计划生育指导、定期体检"这七项社区卫生服务的需求意向比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论各级政府及卫生事业主管部门应加大对"方便向医生咨询、在医院方便治疗、定期体检"这三项社区卫生服务项目的投入。不同类型家庭对社区卫生服务的需求意向有差异,不同的社区应根据其社区内的家庭类型合理开展社区卫生工作。

Objective To investigate the demand intention of community health services （CHS） in different family types, in order to provide the foundation for developing CHS. Methods Cross - sectional survey was carried out in families in two rural areas and three urban areas of Hanzhong city of Shaanxi province in west - central China, Kunmlng city and Yiliang Xian of Yunnan province, Hohhot city of Nei Monggol, and Jingmen city of Hubei province. The residents were at random sampled and investigated with self designed questionnaires at their homes. Results Periodic physical examination, easiness to seek medical advice, convenience to be treated at hospital were the first three items of the higher rate chosen by community residents. There were differences in seven items of the demand intention of community health services between nuclear families and non - nuclear families, including easiness to seek medical advice, visiting services from doctors, visiting services from nurses, treatment of difficult and complicate diseases, convenience to get vaccination, family planning services, periodic physical examination （ P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Governments at all levels and the responsible department of public health should increase the input of fund for three items of community health service, namely, easiness to seek medical advice, convenience to be treated at hospi- tal, periodic physical examination.