胎盘中传递甲状腺激素的转运蛋白研究

The Progress on the Transport of Fetal and Mature

甲状腺激素对机体各组织的新陈代谢起着重要的作用,也是人类妊娠期重要的内分泌激素。研究证实,在胎儿自身甲状腺激素分泌前,母体甲状腺激素能通过胎盘并参与胎儿内分泌系统的调节。这个过程中需要一些特殊的转运蛋白,有关人胎盘中的这些重要的转运蛋白相关研究很少,已证实的有人类胎盘中氨基酸转运载体、有机阴离子转运肽、单羧酸转运肽、Na+/Ⅰ-同向转运蛋白等。但仍需进一步研究胎盘中转运甲状腺激素的一些蛋白作用,以了解导致胎儿生长受限、流产、胚芽种植失败、胎儿死亡等不良妊娠结局的发生机制。

Thyroid hormone （TH） is essential for the normal development and metabolism of different tissues, and also is also vital for fetal development and pregnancy. There is evidence that maternal thyroid hormones can cross the human placenta and act to modulate fetal endocrine system development before the onset of the fetus＇s own thyroid hormone production. The transport of thyroid hormones has now been shown to require specific transporter proteins, and as yet few data are available to define the important transporting proteins in the human placenta. To date, members of the organic anion-transporting polypeptide, L-type amino acid, and of the monocarboxylate transporter families, sodium iodide symporter, have been identified as thyroid hormone transporters. However, further research is necessary to determine the role of these and other proteins in placental transport of thyroid hormone, and to investigate how modulations of their function could affect fetal pathologies such as intrauterine growth restriction, abortion, implantation failure and embryonal, fetal death.