优秀中国式摔跤运动员无氧耐力特征的研究

Research on Characteristic of Anaerobic Ability of Elite Chinese Style Wrestling Players

目的:比较不同性别、不同训练水平的优秀中国式摔跤运动员的糖酵解代谢能力,探讨其无氧耐力的特征。方法:对27名优秀中国式摔跤运动员进行30s和60s的无氧功测试,记录相关功率指标及运动后的血乳酸。结果:(1)糖酵解代谢供能能力有明显性别差异,男子30s和60s的最大功率、相对最大功率、平均功率、相对平均功率和疲劳指数均明显高于女子,但男、女运动员的血乳酸无明显差异;(2)男子优秀组运动员30s和60s的最大功率和平均功率明显高于普通组,但优秀组和普通组间相对最大功率和相对平均功率无明显差异。女子优秀组30s和60s的最大功率显著高于普通组,但相对最大功率、平均功率、相对平均功率和疲劳指数无显著性差异;(3)与散打相比,中国式摔跤运动员表现出较强的无氧耐力,但与自行车、举重和体操项目相比其无氧耐力较差。结论:(1)优秀中国式摔跤运动员具有较强的无氧耐力,且男子明显高于女子;(2)不同水平男、女中国式摔跤运动员的无氧耐力具有明显差异,优秀组明显高于普通组;(3)结合血乳酸指标可以更客观地评价中国式摔跤运动员的无氧耐力;(4)30s和60s无氧功测试相结合可以更全面地反映中国式摔跤运动员的无氧耐力。

Purpose： By comparing the difference of anaerobic ability of different gender and training level of the elite Chinese style wrestling players, the paper discusses the characteristic of glycolysis metabolism of the elite Chinese style wrestling players. Methods： this aritcle makes test and analysis the maximal sustainable performance ability of 30s and 60s respectively through Wingate test on the 27 elite Chinese style wrestling players, and records all the indicators including the numeral of blood lactic acid. Results： The result shows that there is significant difference in glycolysis metabolism between the male players and the female players and the male palayers ability of maximal power, relative maximal power, mean power and relative mean power of 30s and 60s test is more higher than the females, but the index of blood lactic acid isn＇t different. There is significant higher in the maximal power and the mean power of the elite male player group than the ordinary group during 30s and 60s test, but the relative maximal power and the relative mean power are similar. There are significant higher in the maximal power of the elite female player group than the ordinary group during 30s and 60s test, but the relative maximal power, the mean power, the relative mean power and the fatigue index are similar. Chinese style wrestling players are better than Wushu sanda players but poorer than cyclists, weightlifting athletes and gymnasts in the anaerobic ability. Conclusions. It concludes that the elite Chinese style wresting players have better anaerobic ability than the ordinary players, the male players are higher than the female players. There is significant difference in anaerobic ability for the different level male and female Chinese style wrestling players. The elite players are better than the ordinary players. The index of blood lactic acid and the 30s and 60s anaerobic power test are suitable and objective for evaluating＇ the anaerobic ability for both male and female players of Chinese style wrestling.