松花江流域地表水系分形维及其影响因素分析

Fractal Dimension of Surface Water System in Songhua River and Analysis of Influencing Factors

应用分形理论,以DEM数据为基础数据,给出了以ArcGIS9.2为研究平台的分形维数计算方法,并将该方法应用于松花江流域地表水系的研究。结果表明松花江流域地表水系均处于发育的壮年期,针对分形维数影响因素的复杂性,探讨了松花江流域地表水系分形维数的影响因素,认为地貌、土壤、植被和降水量是分形维数的主要影响因素,且部分地区降水量的影响作用被地形作用所屏蔽,并讨论了线性拟合过程中无标度区间数据选择问题,认为选在栅格尺寸大小水平即可得到较好的结果。

The fractal theory was used and the DEM data were taken as the base data to give the calculated method of fractal dimension based on ArcGIS 9.2, then the method was applied in making research on the fractal characteristics of the surface water system in the Songhaa River Basin. The results show that the surface water system of the Songhua River Basin is in its prime stage of development. The factors influencing on the surface water system in the Songhua River Basin were discussed. The results show that the landform,soil,vegetation and precipitation are the main factors which affect the values of fractal dimension, but in part of the region the topographical action shields the precipitation＇s influence. The matter of data,selection in non-scale interval during the linear fitting process was also discussed, and the conclusion was made that there would be much better results when the longth of box are chosen on the scale of grid.