深圳市流动人口婴儿营养性贫血患病率分析

An analysis of prevalence rate and influencing factors of infant nutritional anemia among floating population in Futian district of Shenzhen city

目的 通过对深圳市福田区6月龄婴儿营养性贫血患病率及影响因素进行连续5年的分析，比较流动人口和常住人口婴儿营养性贫血的流行趋势，为进一步做好流动人口婴儿营养性贫血的诊治和预防保健工作提供科学依据。方法 将2004-2008年深圳市福田区6月龄7 609例贫血婴儿分为流动组和常住组，定义常住组标准为有深圳市户籍的儿童，其他儿童归为流动组。采用回顾性调查方法，对营养性贫血患病率及可能影响因素进行分析。结果 流动组营养性贫血5年总患病率（4.96%）明显高于常住组（3.36%）（χ2=4.89，P〈0.05），两组患病率均呈逐年下降趋势，流动组从6.73%下降到3.08%，常住组从5.19%下降到1.96%；流动组非纯母乳喂养者营养性贫血患病率（7.51%）较常住组（5.18%）高（χ2=5.64，P〈0.05），未添加辅食婴儿营养性贫血患病率（9.62%）也较常住组（6.37%）高（χ2=5.67，P〈0.05），并且流动组母亲文化程度多为初中，占该组的73.76%，常住组母亲文化程度多为高中及中专，占该组的53.41%，而这些可能是导致流动组营养性贫血患病率高于常住组的影响因素。结论 指导科学的喂养方法，开展健康教育工作，对降低流动人口婴儿营养性贫血患病率有重要意义。

Objective To investigate prevalence rate and influencing factors of nutritional anemia of infants aged 6 months in Futian district of Shenzhen city over a consecutive five years period and to compare epidemic trend in infant nutritional anemia between floating population and resident population, so as to provide a scientific basis for carriing out provention, diagnosis and treatment of infant nutritional anemia in the floating population. Methods 7 609 anemic infants aged 6 months in Futian district of Shenzhen city in a period from 2004 to 2008 were divided into floating population group and resident population group （the resident population were defied as those having household register of Shenzhen city and others else were defied as floating population） and investigated and analysed retrospectively for prevalence rate and influencing factors of infant nutritional anemia. Results The total 5year prevalence rate of infant nutritional anemia in the floating population group （4.96%） was significantly higher than the resident population group （3.36%） and the prevalence rates in the two groups both showed a yearbyyear descending trend （ that in the floating population group was lowered from 6.73% to 3.08% and that in the resident population group was lowered from 5.19% to 1.96%（χ2=4.89,P〈0.05）. In the floating population group, the prevalence rate of nutritional anemia among those infants who were nonpurely breastfed （7.51%） was higher than the resident population group （5.18%）（χ2=5.64,P〈0.05） and that among those infants who were not added complementary foods （9.62%） was also higher than the resident population group （6.37%）（χ2=5.67,P〈0.05）. Furthermore, The mothers＇ educational level in the floating population group was mostly junior level （accounting for 73.76% ） and that in the resident population group was senior level or middlegraded special professional schooling level （accounting for 53.41%）. These maybe caused the higher prevalence rate of infant nutritional anemia in the floating population group than the resident population group. Conclusion Guiding the scientific feeding patterns and developing health education are of important significance for reducing the prevalence rate of infant nutritional anemia in the floating population.