论我国城市雨水利用路径的选择

The Preferred Ways of Utilizing Urban Rainwater in China

季风气候控制下的降水集中以及城市规模的不断扩大使我国城市雨水地表径流的危害日益凸显,但只要加以科学利用,即可趋利避害。笔者通过总结国外城市雨水利用的经验,分析我国城市雨水利用的发展现状,结合我国城市水系统存在的主要问题及社会经济条件,提出以控制地表径流、补充生态用水和地下水、促进城市地下水系统健康循环为主要目的,以凹式绿地为主的自然下渗系统为主要手段的城市雨水利用途径与方式,并从法律法规、奖惩政策、市场机制三个方面对城市雨水利用的政策保障进行了探讨。

Because of the focused precipitation under the control of the monsoon climate and the continuous urban expansion, the harm of the urban surface runoff in China is becoming more conspicuous. However, if the urban rainwater can be scientifically utilized, the harm will be reduced with more gains obtained. This paper summarizes the experience of the urban rainwater utilization in some foreign countries, and analyzes the current situation of the urban rainwater utilization in China. Through a discussion of the main problems of the urban water system and the social economic condi- tions in China, the paper holds that the urban rainwater utilization aims to control the surface runoff, supplement ecological water and groundwater, and finally facilitate the healthy cycle of the urban groundwater system. The main way is to utilize the sunken-lawn to increase natural infiltration. It al- so discusses the relevant policy guarantee from three aspects： regulations and laws, reward-punishment system and market mechanism.