新生儿脐带血血铅浓度及其环境影响因素探讨

Study on Lead Exposure Level in Umbilical Cord Blood and Its Related Environmental Factors

为了解新生儿脐带血血铅浓度及其环境影响因素，在南通市收集脐带血标本１３９份。用火焰原子吸收法测定血铅浓度，并以访谈式问卷调查的形式对相应的１３９名产妇进行了环境因素的调查，用多因素统计分析的方法，分析对脐血铅水平有影响的环境因素。结果：１３９例脐带血铅浓度呈正偏态分布，范围在０．０１２９～０．４６６９μｇ／ｍｌ，中位数为０．１４２７μｇ／ｍｌ，脐带血铅水平超过目前认为的安全界限０．１μｇ／ｍｌ的占７３．４％。研究还发现，高龄孕妇、孕妇被动吸烟、饮茶、用陶瓷杯饮水、上下班途中时间长是胎儿期铅暴露的危险因素，而孕妇多食豆制品为保护性因子。

To study fetal exposure to lead and its related factors, 139 specimens of umbilical cord blood were collected in Nantong, and blood lead levels were determined with flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Furthermore related 139 lyingin women were surveyed about environmental factors with a face to face questionnair. Data were analyzed with multiple regression for the environmental factors which affected the lead level in umbilical cord blood. The results showed that umbilical cord blood lead levels in 139 cases were positive skewness distribution with a range of 0.0129 to 0.4669 μg/ml, a mediam of 0.1427μg/ml. Specimens with umbilical cord blood lead level exceeding the safe criteria of 0.1μg/ml accounted for 73.4 percent of the total. The study also found that pregnant women with old age, passive smoking, drinking tea, drinking water with pottery, a long time during back and forth for work were risk factors for fetal lead exposure, while eating enough bean products during pregnancy was a protective factor.