心算任务中与自主神经有关的头皮脑电活动研究

Scalp Electrical Activity Related to Autonomic Nervous During a Mental Arithmetic Task

通过部分直接相干性(PDC)对心算任务中脑区间信息流的方向进行分析,研究了与心脏自主神经活动有关的前后脑区的功能耦合.实验对象为43名健康男性自愿者,通过心率变异性的功率谱分析进行评价交感和副交感神经活动.实验显示,心算任务中的心率明显加快(P<0.01),交感活动显著增加而副交感活动显著降低(P<0.01).同时,alpha频段的小波包能量显著降低,beta频段的小波包能量显著增加(P<0.01),前后脑区信息流从顶到额方向转变为额到顶方向,并且信息流强度显著增加(P<0.05).相关分析显示,自主神经活动对心率调节的增强与头皮神经元额到顶区耦合程度的增加显著相关(P<0.05).结果表明,心算应激任务引起了脑皮层中央前区向后区信息流的增强,进而调节交感和副交感神经活动,加快心率.

The direction of information flow within electroencephalogram （EEG） and the relationship between functional coupling at different electrode pairs and cardiac automatic nervous system during a mental arithmetic （MA） task are explored with partial directed coherence （PDC）. Forty- three healthy male subjects voluntarily participate in the project. The sympathetic and parasympathetic activities are estimated with heart rate variability obtained by power spectral analysis of R-R intervals. The results show that when mental arithmetic task is implemented heart rate increases （P〈0.01）, the sympathetic activity increases and the sympathetic activity decreases （P 〈0.01） ; relative wavelet packet energy in alpha rhythm of EEG decreases and the beta rhythm of EEG increases significantly （P〈0.01） ; the direction of the information flow changed from posterior-to-anterior direction to anterior-to-posterior direction and the information flow get stronger （P〈0.05）. There are obvious correlations between the increases of frontal and posterior coupling and heart rate variability （P〈0. 05）. It is noted that anterior-to-posterior direction of the cortical functional coupling enhanced with the decrease of parasympathetic activity and increase of sympathetic activity, and the post-central areas influence heart rate by virtue of increasing sympathetic activity and decreasing parasympathetic activity during MA.