面颅伤后低氧血症防治42例

The forty-two cases of prevention and treatment on hypoxidosis after faciocranial injury

目的：面颅伤是为常见的伤情复杂、救治困难的特殊损伤，伤后呼吸功能障碍导致低氧血症是影响其预后的重要因素，必须进行有效的防治．方法：通过42例面颅伤后低氧血症病例的临床研究，对其发病原因、防治措施进行探讨．结果：呼吸道阻塞、呕吐物、胃酸误吸导致通气、肺内气体交换障碍，以及脑伤、脑水肿引起呼吸障碍．本组死亡率为2．38％，而同期无低氧血症的面颅伤208例的死亡率则为零．并且本组后遗神经症，偏瘫、癫痫的发生率亦增高．结论：低氧血症造成脑水肿，颅内压增高是面颅伤引起死、残率增加的危险因素，同时低氧血症引起伤员重要脏器缺氧，乃至多脏器功能衰竭，及时解除病因，呼吸监测，血气分析，维持正常血氧值是防治和提高疗效的有效措施．

Aim: The faciocranial injuries are special injurieswhich are complicated and relived diffiultly. After injury,respiratory function insufficiency lead to hypoxidosis whichis an important factor of effect prognosis. Methods: Bystudying on clinical 42 cases with hypoxidosis of thediseased causes, We explore its ways of prevention andtreatment. Results: The respiratory tract obstruction, vomitusand gastric acid inhalation lead to ventilation disturbance,Brain injury and cerebral edema lead to central respiratorydyspnea. Conclusion: Hypoxidosis leads to cerebral edemaand intracranial high pressure. It is risky factors whichincreases mortality rate. Hypoxidosis caused anoxia inimportant organs of the body, the serious cases lead to functionfailure of the multiple organs. The mortality rate offaciocranial injuries with hypoxidosis group (2. 38%) were greaterthan general faciocranial injuries in the same period, andneurosis, hemiplegia, epilepsy were increased. Getting ridof the diseased Causes in time, monitoring respiratory andmaintaining normal partal pressure of the blood oxygen,contribute to improving curative effect.