2007年度重庆市降氟除氟技术措施推广应用示范研究效果评估

Assessment on the Implementation of Reduced Fluoride Policy in Six Model Villages in 2007

目的了解重庆市6个示范村降氟除氟技术措施实施效果,为降氟除氟技术措施的推广应用提供科学依据。方法对6个示范村降氟除氟技术设施进行质量抽查,检查8～12岁儿童氟斑牙、成人氟骨症病情,检测空气氟和尿氟,测试居民和儿童地氟病防治知识知晓情况。结果6个示范村炉灶改造落实率为96.76%。炉改造合格率为97.0%,炉正确使用率为98.0%;灶改造合格率为97.7%,灶正确使用率为96.7%。儿童氟斑牙检出率为67.00%,缺损率为10.40%,氟斑牙指数为1.49;成人氟骨症无变化。居民与学生地氟病防治知识知晓率分别为86.4%、96.9%。空气氟旺火期0.0059mg/m3,封火期0.0028mg/m3。尿氟检测306份,中位数为0.69mg/L。结论在课题实施1年后,示范村炉灶落实率、炉灶合格率、炉灶正确使用率显著提高,降氟除氟技术措施实施达到预期效果。

Objective To assess the outcome on the implementation of reduced fluoride policy in six model villages, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of fluorosis. Methods Defluorination facilities in the six model villages were checked in 2007. Extent of adult skeletal fluorosis and children dental fluorosis （aged between 8 to 12 years old） was determined. The levels of fluoride in air and urine were measured. The knowledge on disease prevention and treatment in the residents and children living in the sampling areas was also assessed. Results 96.76% of stove was modified to reduce fluoride emission and the passing rate was 97%. 98% of stove was used properly. The passing rate of the modified kitchen was 97.7% and the rate of correct utilization was 96.7%. Detection rate of dental fluorosis was 67%. The rate of defects was 10.40% and the dental fluorosis index was 1.49. The rate of adult skeletal fluorosis was unchanged. The awareness of fluorosis among children and adult was 86.4% and 96.9%, respectively. The level of fluoride in air during the ＂full flame period＂ and ＂close down period＂ was 0.005 9 mg/m3 and 0.002 8 mg/m3,respectively. The median level of fluoride among the 306 urine samples was 0.69 mg/L. Conclusion After 1 year of implementation of fluoride reduction program, most of the stoves and kitchens were modified and used properly. The level of fluoride was reduced to the expected level.